The Agreement on the Free Movement of Persons (AFMP) between the Swiss Confederation and the European Community and its Member States was signed on 21 June 1999 and entered into force on 1 June 2002. Under this agreement, citizens of EU and EFTA countries are generally entitled to reside, live, and work in Switzerland. The AFMP significantly simplifies the process for EU nationals compared to citizens of third countries.

In this article, we answer five of the most frequently asked questions by EU citizens who are planning to move to Switzerland. Our answers reflect the current legal situation and our practical experience with the cantonal migration authorities.

Is the Free Movement Agreement enough – or do I still need a residence permit?

Despite the right to free movement, a residence permit is required if you plan to stay in Switzerland for longer than three months or wish to work here.

EU/EFTA citizens are entitled to an L permit if they can present an employment contract lasting between three months and one year. For longer stays (with or without gainful employment), the B permit, valid for five years, is issued. After a continuous and lawful stay of five years, EU citizens may apply for a C permit (settlement permit) under certain conditions – particularly where bilateral agreements exist or based on the principle of reciprocity. Currently, this applies only to nationals of specific EU countries.

What requirements must I meet to live or work in Switzerland – and what documents are needed? Can my family join me?

The key requirement is proof of your purpose of stay. This could be:

• An employment contract
• Admission to a Swiss educational institution
• Evidence of sufficient financial means

In addition, valid Swiss health insurance is mandatory. This must include comprehensive coverage – including accident insurance.

For family reunification, the following relatives are eligible to reside in Switzerland:

• Spouses
• Children and grandchildren under 21, or dependent children
• Parents or grandparents, provided that they were financially supported before entering Switzerland and their need can be demonstrated

We can assist you in compiling the necessary documentation correctly.

Can I purchase property in Switzerland as an EU citizen – and what happens if I leave the country?

In principle, yes – as an EU citizen with a valid Swiss residence permit, you are not considered a person abroad under the Swiss Federal Act on the Acquisition of Real Estate by Persons Abroad (BewG). This means you may buy real estate, whether as a primary residence or – under certain conditions – a holiday home.

If you leave Switzerland, you are not automatically required to sell your property. However, depending on the intended use or rental plans, the regulations under the BewG may still apply. At LINDEMANNLAW, we provide comprehensive legal support for property ownership and real estate law in Switzerland.

Can I move to a different canton – or do I need a new permit?

Residence permits (L, B, C) for EU/EFTA citizens are valid throughout Switzerland. This means that you may relocate to a different canton without applying for a new residence permit.

However, any change of residence – even within the same canton – must be reported to the local municipal office. Your EU/EFTA residence card must be updated and submitted at your new place of residence.

What changes does the so-called Bilateral Agreement III introduce?

In December 2024, Switzerland and the European Union concluded negotiations on the third bilateral agreement (Bilateral III). As of June 2025, the final treaty texts have been published. Access to the Swiss labor market for EU citizens remains largely unchanged, and only minor adjustments have been made to the existing rules on free movement.

A key development in family reunification is the partial adoption of the EU Citizenship Directive (UBRL): registered partnerships and their dependent relatives in ascending and descending lines (under 21 years old or financially dependent) are now eligible for reunification.

For more details, read our comprehensive Insight article: Bilateral III Explained: Relocation and Free Movement Switzerland–EU.

Do you have further questions – or would you like to clarify your situation legally?

LINDEMANNLAW offers individual, up-to-date, and solution-oriented legal advice. We support you with:

• Entry procedures
• Cantonal residence permits
• Family reunification
• Property acquisition
• Returning to Switzerland

Secure your initial consultation today: We review your documents and provide clear, personalized advice on the type of Swiss residence permit you are eligible for – efficiently and reliably.